FreeBSD

FreeBSD is an advanced computer operating system used to power modern servers, desktops, and embedded platforms. http://www.freebsd.org

wget http://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/amd64/amd64/ISO-IMAGES/10.3/FreeBSD-10.3-RELEASE-amd64-dvd1.iso

VirtualBox installation

Start VirtualBox
New
Name FreeBSD_10_3
Choose type BSD
version FreeBSD 64 bit
RAM 512 MB
Create virtual disk dynamic VDI with Fixed size 8 GB
Create
Start VM
Choose ISO FreeBSD-10.3-RELEASE-amd64-dvd1.iso
Start
option 1 multi boot
Install
keymap portuguese iso-8859-1 accent keys
continue with pt.iso.acc.kbd keymap
hostname: freebsd
Distribution select: all
Partitioning: auto
Partition: entire disk
Partition scheme: GPT guid partition table
Partition editor, finish, commit
root password: ********
Network config: em0
configure ipv4: yes
use dhcp: yes
configure ipv6: no
search: <empty>
ipv4 dns1: 8.8.8.8
ipv4 dns2: 8.8.4.4
is cmos clock set to utc: yes
region: europe
country: portugal mainland
services: sshd dumpdev
add users? yes
username: vitor
several enters
add other account: no
exit, apply config and exit installer
manual configuration? no
reboot
release ISO
login as root

df -h 
traceroute www.sapo.pt
pkg install wget 
# install package management tool ? yes 
proceed with action: yes 
pkg info 
cc --version 
# https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/pkgng-intro.html
pkg search jdk 
pkg install openjdk8-8.92.14_3  #203 MB
# add lines to fstab ...
java -version 
pkg search python 
pkg install python27-2.7.12 # 67MB 
python2.7 --version 
pkg install mongodb-2.6.12 #203MB
pkg install rabbitmq-3.6.2 # 157MB
df -h # avail 3.2 GB
pkg install bash 
pkg install xorg
startx
pkg install windowmaker-0.95.7_2 # 262MB 
echo "exec /usr/local/bin/wmaker" > ~/.xinitrc
startx

Get and burn ISO

wget http://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/amd64/amd64/ISO-IMAGES/10.3/FreeBSD-10.3-RELEASE-amd64-dvd1.iso
modprobe sg # for cdrecord
cdrecord -scanbus #identify the device DVDRAM LG GP08NU6B
cdrecord -dev=6,0,0 -pad -data FreeBSD-10.3-RELEASE-amd64-dvd1.iso
# eject the DVD after burning
eject
cd /
mount /dev/sr0 /mnt/cdrom #check DVD
cd /mnt/cdrom/packages/FreeBSD:10:amd64/All
ls
ls -lah | wc -l # 1070 packages python gnome3 kde, qt, mysql, firefox, subversion, xorg, perl, gsl
cd /
umount /mnt/cdrom

Amazon AMI

https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B00KSS55FY/

Info severity logging

add to /etc/rc.conf

syslogd_enable="YES"

touch /var/log/syslog
Add to /etc/syslog.conf

*.info /var/log/syslog

Example program

   1 #!/usr/bin/python
   2 import threading
   3 import time
   4 import os
   5 import syslog
   6 import datetime
   7 import sys 
   8 import signal
   9 
  10 def termHandler(signal,frame):
  11     print('Signal term caught')
  12     sys.exit(0)
  13     
  14 if __name__=="__main__":
  15     f=open('/var/run/beat.pid','wa')
  16     f.write('%d'%(os.getpid()))
  17     f.close()
  18     signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM,termHandler)    
  19     
  20     while True:
  21         syslog.syslog(syslog.LOG_INFO, "Beat %s"%(datetime.datetime.now()) )
  22         time.sleep(5)

Custom service

/home/vitor/beat.py

   1 #!/usr/bin/python
   2 import threading
   3 import time
   4 import os
   5 import syslog
   6 import datetime
   7 import sys 
   8 import signal
   9 
  10 def termHandler(signal,frame):
  11     print('Signal term caught')
  12     sys.exit(0)
  13     
  14 if __name__=="__main__":
  15     f=open('/var/run/beat.pid','wa')
  16     f.write('%d'%(os.getpid()))
  17     f.close()
  18     signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM,termHandler)    
  19     
  20     while True:
  21         syslog.syslog(syslog.LOG_INFO, "Beat %s"%(datetime.datetime.now()) )
  22         time.sleep(5)

In /etc/rc.conf

beat_enable="YES"

/etc/rc.d/beat

   1 #!/bin/sh
   2 
   3 # PROVIDE: beat
   4 
   5 . /etc/rc.subr
   6 
   7 name=beat
   8 rcvar=beat_enable
   9 command="/usr/local/bin/python2"
  10 command_args="/home/vitor/${name}.py &"
  11 
  12 load_rc_config $name
  13 
  14 run_rc_command "$1"

Give user permission to use su -

pw user mod userxyz -G wheel
su -

Bash

pkg install bash
chsh -s /usr/local/bin/bash vitor
chsh -s /usr/local/bin/bash root

~/.profile

#normal user
PS1="\e[0;33m\]\D{%Y-%m-%d}T\A\[\e[m\] \e[0;32m\]\u@\H:\w\r\n\$\[\e[m\] "

MongoDB

mkdir -p /data/db

/etc/rc.conf

mongodb_enable="YES"

/etc/rc.d/mongodb

   1 #!/bin/sh
   2 
   3 # PROVIDE: mongodb
   4 
   5 . /etc/rc.subr
   6 
   7 name=mongodb
   8 rcvar=mongodb_enable
   9 pidfile="/var/run/mongodb.pid"
  10 command="/usr/local/bin/mongod"
  11 command_args="--pidfilepath=$pidfile --smallfiles --syslog &"
  12 
  13 load_rc_config $name
  14 
  15 run_rc_command "$1"